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Nowhere was this more evident that at one of the most lavish
Inaugural balls that night where a stream of celebrations
waited to display their talents such as Frank Sinatra, Dean
Martin, Harry Belafonte, Ella Fitzgerald etc. This was glamour
that heretofore had not been part of any Presidency and an
adoring public eagerly lapped up all the details.
Jack Kennedy was exciting, with a beautiful
wife by his side and two small children. They seemed to promise
a time of change. From the dawn of his Presidency America
had a fascination with their new First Family. Across the
country Jackie single-handedly changed fashions with more
articles devoted to her wardrobe in women's magazines than
any other topic. Where possible pictures of the children running
through the Oval Office, playing hide and seek with their
father were leaked to an adoring public and the appetite for
day-to-day trivia on the family was enormous. Jack and Jackie
had a vision of a making the White House a place of great
beauty and a showcase for the talents of performers from around
the world.
Never before had a First Lady had such an
impact on the shape of the Presidency. Initially dismayed
at the office building that she now had to call home, Jackie
set up a committee for the restoration of the White House.
She called on her affluent friends from Newport and in her
capacity of First Lady begged and borrowed pieces of Art and
furniture from Museums and Galleries across the country. With
a French ancestry and a deep love of that country she set
about turning The White House into a building that would rival
any of the great French Chateaus and palaces with her dream
of Versailles her starting point.
Jack was somewhat dismayed by his wife's
inclination towards all things French and fearing the bad
publicity it may cause urged her to use restraint in her new
project. He need not have feared. Jackie had a wonderful sense
of history and went about trying to find significant historical
pieces of furniture that themselves had a place in America's
past such as Abraham Lincoln's bed, and Benjamin Franklin's
desk that the declaration of Independence had been signed
on.
Jackie was also quick to realise that the
American public had a right to see this house for what it
was and introduced the first edition of the White House Guide
book describing the rooms and their themes in detail. This
book was to be sold to the visitors for a small fee which
itself would go towards the escalating refurbishment costs.
She felt that the White House belonged to America and that
they in turn were entitled to a building that would reflect
their country's remarkable history. She wanted The White House
to be a place that visiting dignitaries would be in awe of.
This project was to be her greatest achievement as First Lady.
For his part Jack Kennedy most successful
programme was to establish the Peace Corps with his brother-in-law
Sargent Shriver as director. This programme asked young Americans
to go and volunteer their services to aid countries that were
struggling economically. Thousands of people took up his call
and travelled overseas to begin programmes that would be of
enormous benefit to these poorer countries.
It was not to be the successful start that
Jack had hoped for however. He had inherited a plan from Eisenhower's
white house called Operation Mongoose. This was a plot to
assassinate Fidel Castro the communist dictator of the Island
of Cuba. Jack was to listen to the Military advisers when
they unveiled their plan to have Cuban exiles land at a place
called the Bay of Pigs in Cuba. They were then to move into
the mountains and take Castro and his government official's
prisoner. These men were to arrive by boat and have only two
air strikes. Jack was anxious about the air strikes because
to the world the picture needed to be one of Cuban exiles
fighting to take back their country. However, as the attack
began it was obvious that it was in dire trouble immediately,
the second air strike was cancelled and the men were left
fighting on the beaches against Castro's army and tanks alone.
The operation had been a dismal failure with many killed and
thousands taken prisoner.
Jack was devastated, having seen combat himself he was all
too well aware of what had happened to the men on that beach.
Secondly he was concerned about the effect this would have
on his image across the country and indeed around the world
with people like Khrushchev and De Gaulle. Suddenly his youthful
image had been changed to one of inexperience. It was a bitter
pill to swallow for someone like Jack. From here on out he
distrusted his military aides and turned more and more to
his brother Bobby for his counsel. He went on television and
explained the fiasco and took responsibility for the debacle.
Ironically this only served to make him more popular amongst
the public but for Jack it was a steep learning curve in the
ways of the Presidency,
One of the Kennedy's personal triumphs was
their trip to Europe in 1961 where Jacqueline was so well
received with the French public and so dazzled General De
Gaulle that Jack was to make his famous quote:
'I do not think it entirely inappropriate to introduce myself,
I am the man that accompanied Jacqueline Kennedy to Paris,
and I have enjoyed it'.
The Kennedy's were a big hit in Europe seen
as an attractive vibrant young couple and they were feted
wherever they went. Unfortunately, for Jack he neither felt
that his meeting with Charles De Gaulle in Paris or Khrushchev
in Vienna went as well as he had hoped. Kennedy left the summit
feeling disappointed and frustrated. Khrushchev he later said
had treated him as you would a little boy.
Tension in Europe was high at that time.
The Berlin wall was being erected in Germany and the threat
seemed very real. Thousands of people had been defecting from
East Germany into West Germany all summer and morale in that
city was very low. It was a further worry for Jack who had
already begun putting advisers into Vietnam in an attempt
to help calm the tensions in that country. Worse was to come
however, once again in the shape of Cuba.
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